Sept 11, 2001
Yes the american towers in New York melted and fell down.
No there was no bomb, no missile, no pre-planted charges, no conspiracy
other than the one we all know about:
The Bush government knew it was coming and wanted it to happen so they
could further their political ambitions in the Middle East.
The planes were full of Jet-A
Commerical airliners are fueled with a fuel known as Jet-A. There
is also Jet-A1 and Jet-B, which are for slightly different purposes
but have much the same characteristics as Jet-A. The 2
planes that hit the towers were fueled with Jet-A.
The term 'Kerosene' is misleading - it is used to refer to fuels
ranging from household 'kerro' all the way up to the JP series fuels
that
drive missiles and rockets and that are highly explosive. All
these fuels are different. 'Kerosene' may be looked at as a
'slang' term if
you like.
Note that none of these are 'Avgas', which is a type of petrol used in
prop-driven planes (Plane techs call car petrol 'Mogas').
There was an awful lot of it
The Boeing 767-200 series (that hit the towers), are fuelled with
approximately 90,000 litres of Jet-A, and both planes were fully
fuelled.
Yes it was hot enough
The 'adiabatic' (hottest possible case) of free-burning Jet-A fuel is
round 2300 K (that's approximately 2000 C), not this "800" figure that
often gets bandied about. The isothermal temperature of burning
Jet-A is around about 700 C, but it has to be very controlled to burn
that
low - eg. in a jet engine. I'm sure the engineers of those
engines would like to get the burn temperature lower if they could.
The average burning temperature in a semi-free air environment such as
the smashed insides of office blocks would be around about 1300 C,
and would no doubt fluctuate at times between both extremes (700 - 2000
C).
But here's an interesting extra point.
Many state that that 'mere 800' isn't enough to melt
steel. Correct. But it doesn't have to, it just has to soften it, particularly when
the said steel is under thousands of tons of pressure.
Carbon steel begins to lose its modulus properties at around 400 C ! At around 800 it can be
expected to seriously fail under heavy load. So even the wrong number is still hot enough to
do the damage!
However, Carbon steel will melt
at 1400 C, not soften, not stretch - melt,
as in turn to liquid.
If the average temperature was at around 1300 C,
well you don't need to think about it much more really, you get the
picture.
It might have even been hotter
This is a personal theory of mine, so feel free to shoot it down if you
know enough chemistry.
The body of a 767-200 series aircraft is primarily
Aluminium. The building was old and all the exposed
superstructure was steel. There was
bound to be some rust around anyway, but if you add a good portion of
90,000 litres of Jet-A burning around the place there certainly would
have been even more oxidised steel about the place.
Know what you get when you combine shredded aluminium, iron oxide and
immerse them in a superheated environment ?
Thermite, that's what, and it burns at 2500 C.
Extra note: What exactly was a missile supposed to do ?
Any missile small enough to be concealable would not have done any
appreciable structural damage to the buildings.
Stinger ? Javelin ? Pffft, come off it, all they would have done is killed some folks and started small fires.
That's if they managed to pull off the minor miracle of actually going through a gap in the very fine lattice and not exploding on the surface!
Why is a 767-200 series ploughing into it not enough for some ??
And - how exactly do you hide a missile pod ??
Yes, laughable I know, but one likes to be complete.
References
Fahrenheit to Celsius
Converter (you will need one of these)
Properties
of very good modern Carbon Steels
Shell Aviation's Email
Address
A good engineering
overview of why the towers fell
Boeing
767-ER Specifications (note, the earlier 767's had 60,000 litres fuel
capacity)
Fuel
Properties (Jet A1 is very similar to Jet A)
Another
good engineering analysis of the murders, in much more detail, taking
the fuels into account also (PDF)